!Yes, one of the earliest civilization of the world HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION...better known as the great INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION.Its name is derived from the river Indus which is to the west of India,well however the Harappa was the first site which brought to light the presence of this civilization and it also spread much beyond the valley of Indus,so it is called as Harappan Civilization .
The geographical of this civilization spreads from the north-west of India to the Pakistan and also cover some parts of Iran.
The most unique feature of this civilization was that it had urban centers . Haraappa , Mohenjodaro , Lothal, Kalibangan , Banawali etc. The interesting fact about this place of Kalibangan is that the archaeologists have excavated black bangles , Banawali the place where the archaeologists didn't find any features of this civilization and Lothal is the sea port which carried the trade relations with other contemporary civilization that is the Mesopotamian and Egyptian Civilization.
What is in this civilization that makes it great??
Every aspect of this civilization makes it great... town planning is one of its aspect. The Harappan civilization flourished around cities.The riuns of the cities so far unearthed show remarkable Town planning and excellent drainage facilities. The city was the heart of this civilization.The major cities were divided into two parts , the upper portion which was used for the protection purpose and the ruling class or the head of the place lived there(we still don't have any information about the administration of Harappan civiization). The other portion was the lower portion were the common people lived The roads were generally oriented from north-south direction connecting the small streets at right angles
Drainage System most remarkable feature. In the city, all the big and small houses had its own courtyard and bathrooms.water flowed from the houses to the streets through drains. The drains were well covered by stone slabs, which tells about there sanitation facilities ...
To the left of this picture we can see a well covered drainage that flows from the house.
Apart from the Town planning -the wooden ploughs, the huge Granary's present in Mohenjodaro tells us about their agricultural life.The Harappans were blessed with fertile soil, besides this their were the first civilization to produce cotton.
The Great Granary is a 'mystery-building' at Harappa. At first the archaeologists
thought the building was a grain-store or 'granary'. But there is no evidence of any grain!.It's a mystery which has yet to be solved!!!!!
Another mystery that is yet to be solved is THE GREAT BATH....
GREAT BATH is one of the best example for the beautiful brick works of the Harappan's . The floor of this bath is made up of brunt bricks!!. There are pipes which allow's the water to enter and also to drain out from the other side . It was also believed that they were facilities that let cold and as well as hot water inside the bath .The rooms at the side of this bath were termed as the rooms for changing purposes!! The usage of this bath is still not been deciphered . Some think that it was used for the ritual purposes and some think that it is for the public use.
The language of the Harappan's have still been a mystery to use, some think that it is related to sanskrit script but some say that it is related to dravidian or proto-dravidian language . Like urdu language the Harappans script is from right to left. They have a pictorial representation.The discovered about 400 to 600 logographics .But no one knows what it means, the script of the Harappan's have not been deciphered yet.
Different hobbies of the Harappan's were - singing , dancing , pot-making etc. It was believed that the Harappans had expert hand on the potters wheels , different sizes, shapes of pot have been excavated...
Different seals figures of a sage was discovered like the people believed in god and called it as "PASUPATHI" who's seals have been dough out ,the seal shows that he sits in a meditating posture with two deer's infront and elephant, riho, tiger,lion .The seal also show that he has three horns and three faces , tey also called him linga (phallus) usually worshipped by the non aryans.
and i'll end this topic with rituals that their followed -Harappan's buried there people in the north-south direction . With the bangles , mirror , pots. clothes etc this shows that people of this civilization believed in life after death theory !!!!!!
There are many more mysterys that are yet to be UNFOLDED...........................
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